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Cost analysis of building objects
Gregovská, Kateřina ; Zimmermann, Lukáš (referee) ; Výskala, Miloslav (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to analyse the costs of civil engineering structures in terms of their distribution according to construction or other parts. The first part of the thesis focuses on the cost analysis of sewer lines. The analysis is made on several dozen budgets of real sewer lines, where the technical parameters, economic parameters, parameters on debris generated and costing parameters are compared. From all numerical parameters, the minimum, maximum, average and median values are then evaluated. The next part of the thesis deals with the creation of budgets per 1 mb for excavation in grassed area, road and pavement. The budgets include certain parameters that were found from the previous analysis. The budgets created are then used to determine the change in total cost with changes in excavation depth and pipe diameter. Also, as these parameters change, the labour, the amount of debris removed, backfilling with reused and new soil, and disposal of excavated soil to the landfill are examined. The main purpose is to combine the comparison of all the parameters and find the optimal solutions. In the final stage, the prices of the individual sewer line budgets are compared with the price indicators.
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Pollutants in laboratory waste waters
Červenka, Jiří ; Zmrzlý, Martin (referee) ; Sponar, Jan (advisor)
Mercury is a very consequential pollutant. It´s contained in all components of environment. Analysis of mercury is very demanding. Since mercury is ranked among dangerous chemicals, its quantity is limited and checked not only in environment. The aim of this thesis was to determine concentration of mercury in water from labs and in influent and effluent water from neutralization station of Brno university of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry. Water from neutralization is also mixed with sewage. Advanced mercury spectrometer AMA 254 was used or analysis. Results confirmed, that water flows out from lab to neutralization with relatively high concentration of mercury, highly exceeding limits of drainline. Water from neutralizing station also doesn´t show so high concentration of mercury, because it is mixed with waters from other labs and pH of water is amended. Special waste bottles for liquid waste with risk elements and dangerous compounds are available; from results can be decided, that not everybody follows the rules and some people might pour the waste right in to the sink. Resolution could have been safer acquisitions in labs. Students, who manipulate with dangerous chemicals should be alive to risk, which threatens with pouring into the sink, contamination and dangerous for all components of environment.
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Classification of concentrate from membrane processes
Vespalec, Jan ; Mergl, Václav (referee) ; Repková, Martina (advisor)
The Master’s Thesis deals with the classification of concentrate from membrane processes, specifically reverse osmosis concentrate. Membrane technology was used in two locations, namely a wastewater treatment plant location and an industrial laundry location. The reuse of water by using membrane processes requires consideration of the management of the concentrate further on. The concentrate may be concentrated to the point where it is not meeting the legally defined limits. The goal of this work is to determine whether reverse osmosis concentrate can be discharged to the surface water/sewage system and whether it is a hazardous waste or not. The conclusion of this work is that the monitored parameters occurring in the reverse osmosis concentrate are over the limits to be discharged to a surface water/sewage system but are below the limit for classification as hazardous waste.
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Pollutants in laboratory waste waters
Červenka, Jiří ; Zmrzlý, Martin (referee) ; Sponar, Jan (advisor)
Mercury is a very consequential pollutant. It´s contained in all components of environment. Analysis of mercury is very demanding. Since mercury is ranked among dangerous chemicals, its quantity is limited and checked not only in environment. The aim of this thesis was to determine concentration of mercury in water from labs and in influent and effluent water from neutralization station of Brno university of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry. Water from neutralization is also mixed with sewage. Advanced mercury spectrometer AMA 254 was used or analysis. Results confirmed, that water flows out from lab to neutralization with relatively high concentration of mercury, highly exceeding limits of drainline. Water from neutralizing station also doesn´t show so high concentration of mercury, because it is mixed with waters from other labs and pH of water is amended. Special waste bottles for liquid waste with risk elements and dangerous compounds are available; from results can be decided, that not everybody follows the rules and some people might pour the waste right in to the sink. Resolution could have been safer acquisitions in labs. Students, who manipulate with dangerous chemicals should be alive to risk, which threatens with pouring into the sink, contamination and dangerous for all components of environment.
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